Thomas Jefferson And Alexander Hamilton - 848 Words

Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton set the path for the two-party system of government we have today in the United States. In the 1790s, the Federalists were led by Hamilton and leading the Republicans was Thomas Jefferson (Bethel University, 2004). Many differences distinguished the two parties. The visions each person had for governing the states was compromised by the events leading up to the systems establishments and the later roles of wars, like the War of 1812, and national organization of parties (Bethel University, 2004). In 1790s, political parties called the Federalist and Republicans were establishing to grant a persistent division of nationally organized government that led to what we have today in the United States (Bethel University, 2004). Both parties divided the people based on wealth, power, diplomatic support, and opposing concerns of how the government should be ingrained in America. Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton both had deep-rooted convictions on how the political state of our country should be handled and managed. This led to the separation of the people who would either support the Federalist or the Republicans. The Federalist, led by Alexander Hamilton, emerged and they believed on the federal government could inspire the confidence among the people to create a strong and thriving economy (Bethel University, 2004). They leaned on the ratification of the Federal Constitution to provide the evidence toShow MoreRelatedAlexander Hamilton And Thomas Jefferson819 Words   |  4 Pages Alexander Hamilton was born on January 11, 1755 in Nevis, British West Indies and Thomas Jefferson was born on April 13, 1743, Shadwell, VA. They both grew up on plantations and had families and siblings. However, Jefferson had nine siblings while Hamilton only had his younger brother James A. Hamilton. The two men had a great adoration for reading and were brilliant. They were phenomenal writers and had many famous works. They were both founding fathers and were part of Washington’s first cabinetRead MoreThomas Jefferson And Alexander Hamilton1567 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were two Founding Fathers with contrasting backgrounds that shaped their views and desires for the new nation. Jefferson, an anti-federalist from a wealthy, agricultural background advocated for the protection of states’ rights and the limitation of federal power. Hamilton, a federalist born from a poor family and who established himself through the mili tary, advocated for a strong, central government. Both Jefferson and Hamilton would find themselves at endsRead MoreEssay on Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton655 Words   |  3 Pagesinvolved in the establishment of the government, the laws regulating states and people, and individual rights in the construction of the United States of America. Two men stand out as instrumental to our founding principles: Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton. Thomas Jefferson was an educated, articulate and accomplished man from a well-respected family. He had a great understanding of farming and of the relationship between man and his environment, working diligently to balance the two for theRead MoreComparison Of Alexander Hamilton And Thomas Jefferson1213 Words   |  5 PagesAlexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson were key Founding Fathers of America who contributed to its freedom and independence. Both men were influential leaders of their time whose visions for the future of the country were clearly contrasting. Hamilton believed for a strong federal government and an economy based on banking. While Jefferson desired for a nation to be controlled by the states and its people. Their competing visions for the United States are still in debate until this day. AlthoughRead MoreAlexander Hamilton Vs. Thomas Jefferson871 Words   |  4 PagesConflicting views and contrasting ideologies have always existed throughout the history of Unit ed States politics. Alexander Hamilton, who led Federalist Party, believed that a powerful central government was necessary while Thomas Jefferson, who led the Jeffersonian Republican Party, favored an agrarian nation with most of the power left to the states. Although Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson were similar in that they both harbored good intentions and tried to keep the best interests in mind forRead MoreThe Differences Of Thomas Jefferson And Alexander Hamilton903 Words   |  4 Pagesrise of the political party system. During the 1790s, rising tensions among members of George Washington’s cabinet fueled the development of two political parties, the Democratic Republicans and Republicans. At the forefront were Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton, respectively. Their divergent temperaments, views on government, and perception of each other in their individual letters to George Washington on â€Å"9 September 1792† reveal the early roots of the part y system, and to an extent, politicalRead MoreAlexander Hamilton Vs. Thomas Jefferson1289 Words   |  6 Pages Selina Lewis October 17, 2014 Government Ms. Bishop Alexander Hamilton vs. Thomas Jefferson During the ratification of the Constitution of 1787, the Federalist and Anti-federalist views created tensions and barriers between the two. Federalists, who supported the making of a new document, the Constitution, differed from Anti-federalists who believed that â€Å"the new system threatened liberties and failed to protect individual rights.† Anti-federalist, such as Patrick Henry, James WinthropRead MoreAlexander Hamilton Vs. Thomas Jefferson887 Words   |  4 PagesHamilton vs. Jefferson During the Revolutionary- Federalist Era, politics, parties, programs, policies, and people made an enormous difference in how the new nation should be structured and run. During this era, two men in particular championed politics and their respective parties. These two men were Alexander Hamilton, a Federalist, and Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican. Both Hamilton and Jefferson were successful college educated intellectuals and politicians who made significant contributionsRead MoreEssay on Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson1029 Words   |  5 PagesFederalist supporters, also known as Hamiltonian Federalist, were lead by Alexander Hamilton who was the Secretary of Treasury under President Washington and a well off banker in the early Republic. With allies like President Washington and John Adams, he appealed to urban elite and business merchants who agreed with Hamilton’s ideas for commercial and financial strength. Using his strong connections with his wealthy supporters, Hamilton established networks in each state’s government, mainly with New EnglandRead More The Impact on America of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson615 Words   |  3 PagesAmerica of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were completely at odds in their vision on how America was to develop. Hamilton wanted to concentrate power in a centralized federal government with limited access and Jefferson wished to diffuse it among all the eligible freemen of the time. Alexander Hamilton feared anarchy and distrusted popular rule while Jefferson feared tyranny and thought in terms of liberty and freedom. Thomas Jefferson was an

Manage Care and How It Has Affected and Changed Health...

Manage Care and How It Has Affected and Changed Health Care Manage Care and how it has affected and changed Health Care â€Å"Managed care embodies an effort by employers, the insurance industry, and some elements of the medical profession to establish priorities and decide who gets what from the health care system.† (JAMA.2001; pg. 285:2622-2628). Manage Care is part of the Health Care system since 1973 is known as the system that finances and delivers health care to individuals enrolled under their plans. Manage care is intended to reduce the unnecessary health care cost in America through a variety of mechanism that includes medical necessity review programs, economic incentives for physicians, beneficiary cost sharing, control of†¦show more content†¦The restrictions on health care services and reimbursements that are intended to reduce health care cost by discouraging individuals from using care inappropriately. The discouragements of inappropriate care have done nothing else but affect the quality of care that patients receive and their health. It is amazing when people’s freedom of choices in the physician and health plans they want becomes limited to them it can ultimately reduce their health. (JAMA.2001; pg. 285:2622-2628) How has this event impacted the historical evolution of healthcare? Prior to the year 1760 and now I can say that health care has evolved in the United States. My prior knowledge of health care is that it was a system of home care remedies with doctors with little training to our now complex technology and bureaucratic system. With the birth of medical insurance, technological advancement, and the professional utilization of doctors, it would be very ignorant not to say that health care has evolved from what it was to what it is now. Manage care has definitely become part of that evolution and has impacted it as well with allowing the healthcare system to becomes nothing much than a growing cooperation whose business is making a profit from healthcare, and not providing the quality, reasonable cost, and necessary medical care whenShow MoreRelatedExamples Of Policy Position Paper1571 Words   |  7 Pagesregulations, and approaches do only that. The United States government manages these requirements with the expectation of enhancing the strength of the general population while building up the tools, alongside resources and programs to associate in the conveyance of medical care services. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) alongside the security law have affected preventive care services and how it is conveyed. HIPAA was intended to guarantee that the suitable systemsRead MoreMy First Day Of The Mental Health Class987 Words   |  4 PagesMy first day in the mental health class was very exciting, informative and awareness. Being in class on the first day of the course has deepened my understanding, changed my perception and increased my level of empathy for people with mental health challenges. The discussions about how some people regard those with mental health challenges, what individuals in the class want to learn about mental health, and statistics about mental illness has really broadened my knowledge, understanding, and givenRead MoreThe Continuum Of Care Organization1458 Words   |  6 Pagesnursing practice is eminent to deliver care to a complex population from conception to death. Representations on how to practice nursing is expected to raise and transform. This new endeavor is the road to keep patient healthy. The relationship between the patient and care giver will go past actual occurrences of malady. The focus is on delivering care that is mainly focus on the needs of the patient in a continuum. In collaboration with everyone in the care team the patient is a unique person withRead MorePhilosophical Reflection Of Nursing1320 Words   |  6 Pagessee that my current perspective on the nursing practice is similar to what it was yet has expanded as a result o f being able to work alongside various Registered Nurses over the past four years. My philosophy of nursing has also slightly changed. Although my philosophy is still based on the nursing metaparadigm, that is nursing, health, the person, and the environment, I believe that my understanding of each one has evolved. Therefore, I believe it is crucial for myself to further explore my currentRead MoreNeed For Change Within The Nursing Practice943 Words   |  4 Pages education, and roles should change to respond effectively to the health needs presented by aging populations. It draws attention as well as responding to the evolving complex health care system (Nickitas et al., 2010). The IOM report urges nurses to take a higher leadership role within the nursing practice to prompt important changes in the health care system so that they may be in a position to attend to the dynamic health care system. Relating the IOM structure and guidelines to the topic at handRead MoreHealth Care : The Highest Quality Standards1266 Words   |  6 PagesQuality is what individuals seek in health care services. Health care should meet the highest quality standards possible. Quality is a result of many factors which include patient satisfaction, provider involvement and also costs. High quality health care requires services that are expensive. Thus, health care payers have a tremendous impact on health care quality. The quality received in health care depends on the amount of money spent on the care. If health care providers are not paid enough forRead MoreEvaluation Of A Holistic Teaching Approach1382 Words   |  6 Pageslevels and preventing complications associated with diabetes. The learning points for managing diabetes are multifaceted and include: monitoring blood glucose levels, food/nutrition planning, physical activity, skin care, medication education, knowledge of the disease process and how to handle hypo/hyperglycemic incidents. It is important to inform a patient that being diagnosed with diabetes requires lifestyle changes, especially in the areas of nutrition and exercise. Making changes is one of theRead MoreThe Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act ( Hipaa )1383 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1996 the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). This act of congress has changed how every covered entity manages and distributes health information. Standards have been established for providers. Patients have the right to view their health records. They also have recourse if their health information is disclosed without their permission. As a patient you (or your personal representative) have the right to view and receive a copy of your medical and billing records fromRead MoreRoles and Values of Nursing1694 Words   |  7 Pagesaspects of nursing roles and how they contribute to my professional development. Both of the nurses that I interviewed had obtained a BSN and worked in a hospital owned orthopedic and spine medical group. There were commonalities in several of their answers related to patient care but differences related to their roles Interview #1 The first nurse that I interviewed was a staff nurse in a physician’s office within a hospital organization. She had obtained a BSN and has worked as a staff nurse forRead MoreNursess Promotion Of Health Literacy Using Theories1706 Words   |  7 Pagesin Promotion of Health Literacy Using Theories Health literacy has been a problem with our patients. The most vulnerable populations are the elderly, people with low-income levels, those with limited education, non-native speakers of English, those with chronic mental and physical health conditions, minority, and immigrant populations. Nurses have a great role in helping our patients succeed in understanding their health conditions. Nurses can be of great help in promoting health literacy. Sykes

History And Overview Of Barclays In India - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1851 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Background Unlike most rapidly expanding, emerging markets, Indiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s banking sector has exhibited financial stability and a trend towards improved governance under the management of its central bank, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Today, Indiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s banking industry is one of the major beneficiaries of the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s ascendant economic power. Improving consumer purchasing power, coupled with more liberal attitudes towards personal debt, is fueling Indiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s explosive banking segment. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "History And Overview Of Barclays In India" essay for you Create order The primary objective of the study was to find whether the customers are satisfied with their existing banks. The secondary objective of the study was to find out: Are the customers aware about Barclays? What type of facilities, both client and technological, do the customers want. Public sector banks in India are facing stiff competition from their private sector counterpart. On top of the challenges that are posed by the competitors before the retail banking sector in India, are the regulations imposed by the top body over the industry frontage and the array of choices available to the customers. Retail banking refers to banking in which banks undertake transactions directly with clients, rather than company or other banks. Services offered by the banks include: mortgages, savings and checking accounts, debit cards, personal loans, credit cards, etc. The key issues analyzed in the report are: Market analysis of different product segments in the retail banking industry. Factors driving the growth of retail banking industry in India. This report covers a wide range of issues related to the Work Place Banking (Salary Accounts) in India. In formulating this report, I had to really get to the grass root level of banking, customer services and their implementation in India. The best possible tests have been used where ever needed to get to the correct results for determining what is beneficial and what is not beneficial for the organization. The report also analysis the past issues as well as discusses the action and strategies to be taken by the retail banking industry in future. Introducing Barclays PLC Barclays is a major global financial services provider engaged in retail and commercial banking, credit cards, investment banking, wealth management and investment management services, with an extensive international presence in Europe, the USA, Africa and Asia. With more than 300 years of existence and knowledge in banking, Barclays operates in over 50 countries and employs 135,000 people. Barclays invests, lends, move, and protects money for over 30 million clients and consumers worldwide. History of Barclays PLC This bank traces its roots back in 1690 in London. The name Barclays became associated with the business in 1736, when James Barclay, son-in-law of one of the founders became a partner in the business. In 1728, the bank moved to 54 Lombard Street, which was identified by the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Sign of Black Spread Eagleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, over the years becoming a core part of bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s identity. The bank took its name from Alexander and David Barclay, who provided credit to transatlantic slave traders. Barclays has many U.K high street branches and it has also joined up with the post office ltd to provide personal banking services to customers who lived near post office branch and who need financial services such as secured and unsecured loan Barclays in India Barclays unveiled its Global Retail and Commercial Banking division in India over the past year as part of its plan to be a leading global bank. In a very short span of time, Barclays is already making waves in India one of the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s fastest growing countries. The commercial banking division, which began its operations in late November 2006, services a variety of leading Indian corporation from large multinationals and public sector companies to small and medium enterprises. It offers great facilities of loans, payments cash management services, deposits, trade finance and funds solutions. Barclays customer banking services were launched in May 2007 with a group of products that give our customers better control over their finances. Our offer includes inventive proposition such as personal loans that come with smaller monthly repayments and credit cards that allow customers to choose their payment date. This facility has helped Barclays connect with Indian customers and become the ideal option in the centres we are present in. Barclays is scattering its reach across India and now has 4 offices in the country. We have our main office in the financial center of Mumbai in Western India. We have recently reinforced our presence in Northern India with a branch in Delhi, capital of India, which is also one of the subcontinentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s key business centres. Additionally, Barclays has a branch in Kanchipuram, which is near Chennai, and another at Nelamangala near Bangalore, both of which cover important nodes in Southern India. CRITICAL REVIEW OF LITERATURE Retail banking refers to the dealing of commercial banks with individual customers, both on liabilities and assets sides of the balance sheet. Fixed, current or savings accounts on the liabilities side and mortgages, loans etc. on the property side, are the more important of the products offered by the banks. Related services include debit cards, credit cards, dedicated services etc. Todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s retail banking sector is characterized by three basic characteristics: Multiple products( deposits, credit cards, insurance, investments and securities) Multiple channels of distribution (call centres, branch, internet etc.) Multiple customer groups( consumer, small businesses and corporate) Researches done in the past on Retail Banking have concluded that the Retail Banking in India has fast emerged as one of the major drivers of the overall banking industry and has witnessed enormous growth in the recent past. The Retail Banking Report encompasses extensive study analysis of this rapidly growing sector. It mainly covers study of the present status, current trends, major issues challenges in the growth of the retail banking sector. The retail banking strategies of banks are undergoing major transformation, as banks adopt a mix of strategies like organic growth, acquisitions and alliances. This has resulted in a standard shift in the marketing strategies of the banks. Public Sector Banks players are adopting aggressive strategies, leveraging their branch network and their customer vase to earn a larger share of the retail pie. Banks are also going in for innovative strategies like cross selling and packaged selling of retail products. At the same time, new foreign players are also entering this high growth sector and one of such player i s BARCLAYS BANK. Barclays is among the leading bank of U.K. Retail Banking in India continues to redefine the credit growth in the country. It grew by a whopping 44.4% in 2005-06 to touch Rs3,538 billion. Different foreign banks like HSBC, ABNAMRO, CITI BANK, STANDARD CHARTERED, DEUTSCHE BANK were quick to realize the growth opportunity in India were as BARCLAYS BANK is a late entrant, but it is trying its level best to compete and match up the standards with different leading banks. Currently overall, banking in India is considered as fairly mature in terms of supply, product range and reach-even though reach in rural India still remains a challenge for the private sector and foreign banks. Even in terms of quality of assets and capital competence, Indian banks are considered to have sparkling, strong and clear balance sheets, as compared to other banks in similar economies in its region. The Reserve Bank of India is an independent body, with minimal force from the government. The confirmed policy of the Bank on the Indian Rupee is to manage volatility-without any declared exchange rate and this has mostly been true. With the growth in the Indian economy likely to be strong for quite some time, especially in its services sector, the demand for banking services-especially retail banking, mortgages and investment services are expected to be strong. MAs, takeovers, asset sales and much more action (as it is unraveling in China) will happen on this front in India. The Reserve Bank of India in March 2007, allowed Warburg Pincus to boost its chance in Kotak Mahindra Bank (a private sector bank) to 10%. This is the first time an investor has been allowed to hold more than 5% in a private sector bank since the RBI announced norms in 2006 that any stake exceeding 5% in the private sector banks would need to be vetted by them. Currently, India has 88 scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) 28 public sector banks (that is with the Government of India holding a stake), 29 private banks (these do not have government stake; they may be publicly listed and traded on stock exchanges) and 31 foreign banks. They have a combined network of over 53,000 branches and 17,000 ATMs. As per the report by ICRA Ltd, a rating agency, the public sector banks hold over 75 percent of total assets of the banking industry, with the private and foreign banks holding 18.2% and 6.5% respectively. There is an increase in the retail banking products in India because of the changing consumer demographics. The middle class people are increasingly affluent and bulging. India is having the youngest population in the world with increasingly literacy levels. Therefore a younger population means a bigger opportunity. Some of the other reasons for retail growth are: Increasing availability Entry of banks has led to increased competition and coverage Increasing use of technology has further enhanced reach and accessibility Key Products Analyzed Key products analyzed in this report include: Work Place Banking (Salary Saving Account). Key Players Analyzed This section provides an overview, and key facts of several key players like PNB, ICICI and Barclays bank. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (a) Objective of study The primary objective of the study was to find whether the companies are satisfied with their existing banks. The secondary objective of the study was to find out: Are the customers aware about Barclays? What type of facilities, both client and technological, do the customers want. (b) Problem definition How to make the companies aware about Barclays and its features. (c) Hypothesis Null Hypothesis Ho : Customers are satisfied with the services provided by their existing bank. Alternative Hypothesis Ha : Customers are not satisfied with the services provided by their existing bank. (d) Research design The research design adopted is a combination of exploratory, formal and descriptive. Since the study is based on a analyzing through data collected by survey so it is formal and it has certain elements of exploration as well. And since the study is related with measuring where or whether, it is descriptive in nature. To achieve the above objective of the study, the following instruments were used- Questionnaires- It consists of a number of questions printed or typed in a definite order on a form or a set of forms. People have to answer the questions themselves. To do the above research, we used a structured questionnaire which had 12 questions about the respondentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ interest in SALARY ACCOUNT-BARCLAYS, its services, their satisfaction with services and technology etc. (e) Sample design A sampling design is a definite plan for obtaining a sample from a given population. It refers to the technique or procedure the researcher would adopt in selecting items for the sample. For this research we have chosen simple random probability sampling. Sample size- 50 (f) Data Primary data collected through questionnaires. Secondary data collected through various sources given in references.

List Of Figures And Functions Requirements - 3246 Words

List of Figures Figure Number Figure Figure 1 Number of recruiting studies and percentage Figure 2 Clinical Trials Figure 3 MediData Figure 4 Mongo DB Figure 5 Word Cloud Figure 6 Search results Figure 7 Google Charts Figure 8 State of Art Figure 9 center watch website Figure 10 FDA website Figure 11 National Library of Medicine Figure 12 Clinical Trials website Figure 13 Mediate website Figure 14 PERT Chart Figure 15 Agile Software Development Figure 16 Architecture Design Figure 17 Use case Diagram Figure 18 Database Design Figure 19 Periodic update of database Figure 20 Connectivity Interface Diagram Figure 21 User interaction flow diagram Figure 22 UI Mockup Figure 23 Component diagram Figure 24 Test plan cycle Figure 25 Testing with†¦show more content†¦Millions of researches are being carried out across the world. Hence the scope is very limited for a person/organization to follow all the studies going on. Even if you track a study, it becomes a real problem to analyze data that is being updated continuously on that trial. Apart from this problem, there are many other obstacles like inaccurate results in search of a particular medical problem and even if you do find accurate results, it becomes hard to put all information at one place retrieved from various sources. In order to overcome the above problems, we are developing a one-stop clinical trials user-friendly application that addresses all the related problems. In addition, we plan on providing a platform for business users to analyze the stocks of the companies that are conducting the clinical trials. Business users can benefit by making use of these analyses to make right choice before investing on a stock. When a company starts the research on any disease, its stock prices see a change relative to this research. If the research seems useful and helpful for the society, it grabs the attention of the investors thereby, increases the stock prices of that firm. This analysis is carried out in this project. 1.2 Problem and motivation There are numerous clinical trials being conducted around the world every day. In spite of the technological advances like Internet,

Why Do Managers Plan Free Essays

string(61) " added to what is commonly referred to as a â€Å"pick-list†\." Why do Managers Plan 1 Why do Managers Plan? Management 301 Distance Learning December 07, 2011 Why do Managers Plan 2 Why do Managers Plan? Strategic Planning This seems like a very cut and dry topic to discuss, but there is no single reason that a manager makes plans in the work environment. I will cover several areas in which managers use planning, and why it is an essential part of accomplishing tasks, and how it streamlines processes necessary for an organization to be successful. First, I will discuss strategic planning: strategic planning can also be referred to as â€Å"charting the course† for a business or organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Do Managers Plan? or any similar topic only for you Order Now A central part of strategic management is performance measurement (Public Administration Review, December 2010). Unlike private sector business organizations, many government and public agencies have developed performance measurements without developing strategic plans. I think that this is primarily due to the infrastructure that is set in place in most government or public agencies, and the amount of red-tape that accompanies government ran agencies. Regarding the private sector, I believe that having a strategic plan to guide managers and leaders in the decision making process allows them to identify alternative steps or measures to take in the event that something in the business process changes that they have no direct control over. Managers who develop a strategic plan also are likely to recognize that the end result cannot be their only concern, but they identify milestones that must be met along the ay, or during the process to use as a measurement tool to determine if they are making positive progress or if they need to examine â€Å"glitches† that will delay or have a negative impact on the business process. One tool to measure performance is a â€Å"Balanced Scorecard†. It is grounded in the idea that the measurement Why do Managers Plan 3 of an organization’s performance ought to take into account the processes and resources needed to produce outcomes, as well as the outcomes themselves. In some ways, its emphasis on inputs and outputs is a step back in performance measurement, but that step is designed to help organizations fulfill the results promised. (Public Administration Review, December 2010). I believe that this is a vital step, if not the first step in planning that will help ensure a business or organization has a set path that will enhance their possibilities of success. Knowledge Management in Organizational Planning is the next area that I want to discuss. When people talk about managers making plans for operations or processes in a business or organization it is likely that they are referring to plans that include forecasts. This type of planning is appropriate if the future of or in the business environment is stable; however, this is not always the case with many businesses because they face business environments that are complex and unstable (Knowledge Management in Organizational Planning, January 1987). With this being the case in most business environments today, the leadership of these businesses continue to pursue planning and forecasting tools and technology that will help them when they are developing strategic and organizational plans. Knowledge management might also be referred to as Management Information Systems (MIS). This is a computer program or network that was developed for management and leadership members to use for the purposes of planning and may have examples of past planning events or projects that the current managers can use to aid them in the planning and decision making process. One significant advantage of this type of system is that it can provide historical data that allows good planning to be done from the beginning, and this might improve the probability of success of a project or production process Why do Managers Plan 4 based on the past lessons learned that are taken into consideration when developing the current plan. The MIS was developed to assist managers in gathering information, generating ideas and alternatives and also for analyzing this information and choosing from among the competing alternatives. This MIS is just another tool to emphasize why managers plan. Another area that planning is important for managers is multi-project planning and resource control. This area is also related to the area of enterprise resource planning (ERP). Both of these areas require the use of business planning tools to make the manager’s job of planning for needed materials and resources much easier to manage through the use of technology and computer programs. One of the most challenging aspects of a manager’s job is to ensure that he/she effectively manages projects or production processes without exhausting the organization’s limited resources (Multiproject Planning and Resource Controls, December 2006). When we talk of managers, I think it is important to realize that managers are in all industries including retail, production, manufacturing, and construction to name a few, and the one common link that they all share is planning. Planning is the bedrock or foundation that managers must establish as a starting point no matter the industry which they work. The important parts of planning that are related to multi-project and ERP management are identifying the resources needed to start and sustain work processes to eliminate loss time due to a shortage of resources, and how the ERP system works together with other internal business systems to enhance the planning of management. An example of this could be that the ERP system interfaces the maintenance projects that are being actively worked with the supply or requisitioning process to ensure that needed resources such as materials and tools are being ordered to meet the project or job requirements. The ERP system Why do Managers Plan 5 can be programmed to recognized or identify items needed based on job number or serial numbers related to specific aspects of the job that were identified during the initial planning phase of the job or project. The items that would be ordered due to this planning would be added to what is commonly referred to as a â€Å"pick-list†. You read "Why Do Managers Plan?" in category "Papers" This part of the ERP system is known as the interaction between structure and human action and is called the â€Å"duality of structure, which simply means (in this case) the interaction between the ERP system (usually managed by a materials manager), the ordering of resources (between materials manager and vendors), and communication between the project or production manager and the system (actual input into the system) (business benefits from ERP systems, Staehr, 2008). The ERP systems ability to identify this process in only possible due to the initial planning that was performed by the manager in charge of the projects or processes, and communicated and planned with the materials manager to ensure the system was interfaced to the processes. I have actually used an ERP system called SAP, and these types of systems require a lot of training and â€Å"hands on† work because they can be very complex to use. Another extremely important and relevant planning tool that managers can use is the Production Planning Model. This PPM might also be referred to as Material Requirement Planning (MRP). The MRP is a vital tool for managers who work as maintenance managers, production managers, or operations managers. Managers use the MRP to identify the amount of spare parts that need to be either â€Å"on hand† or quickly procured to ensure there is limited or no equipment down-time due to the lack of parts to make needed repairs for process equipment. It is important that managers who work in these types of environments are the not just the process manager, but the planning manager. I make the Why do Managers Plan 6 previous statement because the manager who develops the operational or process plans should use the equipments historical data to identify operational and down-time trends. They should also use Bills of Materials (BOMs) to identify parts that will be more likely to fail due to the amount of use, or are more susceptible to wear from continuous use in the operation or process. This topic is important to discuss because many plants or facilities might have the capability to manufacture parts in their own machine shops, and this can be a cost savings measure as well as a time saving measure. This is why it is important that the planning manager identify this as a possibility or a preference during the planning phase of the job to be performed. Using MRP helps manufactures and managers determine precisely when and how much material to purchase and process based on a time phased analysis of sales orders, production orders, current inventory, and forecasts (Production planning model, April 2009). MRP determines material requirements based on master production and planning schedules which are used in conjunction with one another to ensure an efficient work process. A primary reason that managers use the production planning model is to reduce the levels of parts or goods on hand. In other words, if proper planning is performed prior to starting the job or production process the manager will be able to determine the parts needed/required from start to completion of the process and save inventory costs by only having the required parts on hand with no excess. Once it is determined how much product will be produced it makes it much easier to determine the amount of parts or spare parts that will be needed. When managers are planning for a production run it is important for them to be aware of any future product orders that might follow closely after the production Why do Managers Plan 7 process or run that they are planning for, so they can consider having more spare parts on hand to aid the planning process of the following project or product run. Good communication among the management team is crucial to the overall success in the planning phase of all work processes. The advantage of using the MRP to assist in the planning stage of projects or production processes is that it allows the planning manager to use historical equipment data, and maintenance data to develop a trend analysis and determine the appropriate amount of parts required during a specific production process. In summary, I have used several different examples to emphasize and support why managers plan. I know that some of the examples that I used to illustrate my points might be broad, and even complex with regards to using ERP and MRP as tools to aid in planning, but I feel they were essential elements for me to use to stress that planning is often difficult and requires the use of technology to properly forecast outcomes etcetera. I have worked as a manager in charge of maintenance planning processes in a manufacturing environment, so I know from firsthand experience the importance of planning. I have used a management information system program (SAP Plant Maintenance Module) to integrate and implement plans and procedures, and it can be very time consuming and complex, but if we had not used a system such as this to help develop plans we would not have been able to effectively perform maintenance procedures and the company could have suffered catastrophic equipment failures. I know that we have probably all heard the old saying that â€Å"failing to plan is like planning to fail†, well in the case of â€Å"Why do Managers Plan? I would have to say that I agree with that old Why do Managers Plan 8 saying, and that managers plan to ensure their efforts are successful, and to ensure the success of the organization as a whole. Why do Managers Plan 9 References: Professional Article: Strategic Planning and Balanced Scorecards: Charting the Course to Policy Destination, Edward T. Jennings, Jr. , University of Kentucky. Public Administration Review, dated: December 2010. Professional Article: Knowledge Management in Organizational Planning, Lynda M. Applegate, Tsung Teng Chen, Benn R. Konsynski, and Jay F. Nunamaker, Jr. Twentieth Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Honolulu, Dated: January 6-9,1987 Multiproject Planning and Resource Controls for Facility Management, E. William East and Liang Y. Liu, dated: December 2006. Understanding the role of managerial agency in business benefits from ERP systems, Lorraine Staehr, La Trobe University, Dated: 2008. Production planning model with simultaneous production of spare parts, P. Cyplik, L. Hadas, and M. Fertsch, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland, Dated: April 2009. How to cite Why Do Managers Plan?, Papers

Hierarchical Production Planning Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd.

Question: Discuss about the Hierarchical Production Planning for Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd. Answer: Introduction: This essay is a detailed analysis of the current operations of Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd. The analysis aims to understand the operations and find the operational issues that resulted due to the steady increase in sales of custom cabinets and the low volume contracts with spec builders. A significant amount of capital is invested into the inventory at various stages of production and the space to store the same is limited. The lead time for each delivery has increased and priority was given to custom cabinets. Craftsmen and machinery are operating at their highest production capacity. In short the company is currently facing issues with space and resources. The Current System Currently the company has a single manufacturing facility for both custom cabinets and standardized cabinets. The facility has separate sections for the various equipment and assembly areas strategically placed in the facility. Both the custom and standardized cabinets are produced in these same sections. The company technically is using a job production system for the custom cabinets and a batch production system for the standardized cabinet (Krajewski, 2013). However, since the custom cabinets generate 75% of the revenue and contribute to 60% of the orders whenever there is a delivery lag, the standard cabinets are pulled off and the custom cabinet manufacturing prioritized. The spec builders are price sensitive and since they usually sell their work post completion the delivery time in their case is equally important (Tookey, 2012). The delivery time is constantly increasing especially in case of spec builders due to the above process. The Scheduling process of the company is taking a big hit. Ideally they are using a backward scheduling method through which they determine the start date based on the delivery date (Heizer, 2016). This is because most of the clients would provide the company a deadline by which they require the cabinets. The scheduling however is not in sync with the production. The scheduling algorithms used for production of standard cabinets are not taking into picture the possibility of delay due to prioritizing the custom cabinets. Also, due to the same the chances of bottlenecks is high. A shifting bottleneck Heuristic algorithm can be helpful in this case however, no such algorithm is in place (Liu, 2012). The space in the manufacturing facility is limited and a warehouse has been rented as a temporary solution due to the increasing inventory of work in progress products and raw materials. Inventory management is restricted due to space constraint and no clear difference in the manufacturing processes of the two cabinets (Jacobs, 2013). Also, the craftsmen have to shift between custom and standard cabinets to make up for the delivery time. This switch not only effects the quality of the product but also effects the craftsmen as the same person has to work on both the products. Effects of new builders kitchen The new builders kitchen contributes to 40% of the orders and 25% of the revenue and has hence become an important division for the company. The production of the cabinets are standardized and are manufactured in batches of one to five. The production is done on the same equipment as the custom cabinets and the same craftsmen are used to ensure quality of the products. However, the increasing sales of the standardized cabinets have had a significant effect on the production system at the company. The first issue is that the batch production attracted significant raw material requirements, when the company has low space (John, 2015). In case of the custom cabinets the need to store work in progress products is less and the products is general delivered as soon as the production and assembly is done. However, in case of standardized cabinets, the production cycle has to be repeated resulting in high volume WIP products, that have to be stored within the limited space. The products use the same machinery as the custom cabinets and hence the chances of bottle neck are high especially that there is only one manufacturing facility (Hax, 2013). In case the scheduling was done in the most appropriate manner the machinery can be used effectively. However, given the increase in sales the machinery in question is overworking to fulfil the growing demand. The craftsmen have to come up with designs for each spec builder and have to produce the same in batches while making sure that the custom cabinet production is not in hold. The bulk cabinet production is not standardized and hence does not have a separate work flow. It usually interrupts with the custom cabinet production that have a higher revenue generation. The spec builders have tight deadlines and are economically conscious and hence expect their product to be delivered in time (Qian, 2014). However, the increasing demand and restricted resources would usually cause a delay in delivery. This in turn is effecting the delivery time of custom products even after the same is prioritized. Since the sales of both the cabinet varieties is constantly increasing into is only a matter of time before inventory overflow and large delivery lags occur (Meredith, 2009). Effect of builders kitchen on financial structure On a wider scope the contract with the builders kitchen effects the finances of the company, however with appropriate investments these effects can be a revenue generator for the company. There is significant scope of increase in sales which would mean that there is a requirement for the company to expand. The expansion would require acquiring a new manufacturing facility with machinery to produce standard cabinets which is a significant investment. Separate craftsmen have to be hired to work for the new facility. This can be a low investment as the craftsmen would have to remake an available design rather than the come up with a new design. Hence craftsmen with medium skill can be hired but there cannot be a compromise in quality. This would also attract training costs. Purchase of a warehouse to store both the cabinet varieties at various stages of production is required. This would ensure that the manufacturing facilities are not clogged. Also an effective inventory management and a manger for the same are required to make sure that the transfer of goods happen smoothly (Johnson, 2014). The company would be beneficial by updating to a computer based production and delivery system to keep track of their various functions in both the sections. This would help them understand the position, placement and progress on a product (Ellram, 2013). The calculation of delivery times would be easier. There are several companies that gain reputation over time and have a spike in their sales without realizing that their current production system may not be equipped to fulfil the demands. The companies that identify this issue in time can make significant revenue by making appropriate changes. Whenever a new division is added to a company it is crucial to analyse its effects both technically and financially and find way to change these effects into revenue. Scaling of machinery and resources is crucial to boost sales of any company. References Ellram, L. M., La Londe, B. J., Weber, M. M. (2013). Retail logistics. International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management. Hax, A. C. (2013). Hierarchical production planning (pp. 708-712). Springer US. Heizer, J., Render, B., Munson, C. (2016). Principles of operations management: sustainability and supply chain management. Pearson Higher Ed. Jacobs, R., Chase, R. (2013). Operations and supply chain management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. John, N. E., Etim, J. J., Ime, T. U. (2015). Inventory management practices and operational performance of flour milling firms in Lagos, Nigeria. International Journal of Supply and Operations Management, 1(4), 392-406. Johnson, P. F. (2014). Purchasing and supply management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Krajewski, L. J., Ritzman, L. P., Malhotra, M. K. (2013). Operations management: processes and supply chains. New York: Pearson. Liu, S. Q., Kozan, E. (2012). A hybrid shifting bottleneck procedure algorithm for the parallel-machine job-shop scheduling problem. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 63(2), 168-182. Meredith, J. R., Shafer, S. M. (2009). Operations management for MBAs. John Wiley Sons. Qian, L. (2014). Market-based supplier selection with price, delivery time, and service level dependent demand. International Journal of Production Economics, 147, 697-706. Tookey, J. (2012). Smart work. Build Mag, 132, 78-79.

Hip Hop vs America free essay sample

There Is a huge controversy going on right now between the Hip-Hop Culture and America. When we say America we really we The U. S. Even though hip-hop is worldwide. Hip Hop means the whole culture of the movement. When you talk about rap. Rap is of the hip-hop culture. The emceeing. The d-saying is part of the hip-hop culture. The dressing the languages are all part of the hip-hop culture. The break- dancing, the b-boys, and the b-girls. How you act, walk, look talk are all part of hip- hop culture.And the music is colorless. Hip-hop music is made from Black, brown, yellow, red, and white cultures. Whatever music that gives you the grunt. That funk. That grove or that brat. Its all part of hip-hop. Hip-Hop began as an early ass youth street culture In New York City, with all of the peculiarities of place embedded In let- the slang the way people moved. If one had grown up In the Black community of Oakland or Detroit or Philadelphia Instead, the local dance might be the Bugaboo or the stepping rather than B;boning or Rocking.Just as James Semesters reminds us that the Black Arts movement looked different whether you stood in Watts, Newark, Chicago or Atlanta what became hip-hop would take on the characteristics of each immunitys quirks and idiosyncrasies. Everything has a context, a beginning point. What you hold in your hands is not Just another project defending our music. This is about hip-hop. To most people hip-hop signifies rap.And perhaps well it should, for since the art of party-rocking was transferred in the form of 1 asss Rappers Delight to a twelve-inch piece of black polyvinyl chloride, born literally of salt and oil, then distilled further from 15 minutes of rhymes too 3 minute pop song-in other words, a portable commodity that could leverage hundreds more hip-hop had been an inescapable fact. But raps pop dominance has eclipsed hip-hops true Importance In particular, It has hidden the ways that hip-hop has become one of the most fare aching and Transformation arts movement of the past two decades.Hip-hop has set the imagination of a generation on fire. The hip-hop arts movement has left its mark on theatre, poetry, literature, journalism, performance art, visual arts, video, film, criticism, dance, photography, graphic design, not to mention the recombinant and emerging versions of any and all of the big ideas of this generation, a grand expression on of collective powers. Hip-Hops internal creative force doesnt rest. In the Time that it fakes for a cluster of kids on the block to go from youngness to confident teens arbiters of slang, dance style and swaggers to grown-ups moving on and out the culture has turned over again, leaving the universe with a whole lot of new matter to deal with. Then declaring the next set of children to be the killers of their natural-born hip-hop, which of course Is completely true. So from children painting graffiti on trains and buildings to teens customizing canvases, we have adults rethinking painting sculpture, graphic design, installation art andIon Farley in this 1999 article from Time Magazine. Most likely to the roughen beat of rap. Music, politics, ethnic identity, social protest and style rolled into one hip-hop and the accompanying raw poetry of rap have surged far beyond their roots n the streets of the Bronx, in the sasss. Hip-hop has exploded into the American mainstream, embraced by Madison Avenue Advertising Executives and as common place in the sub urbs as in the inner city.Farley looked back at the origins of Hip-Hop and rap and forward to where they might be taking us, In Hip-Hop Nation music sixes with memory when we think back over the 20th century every decade has a melody. A rhythm sound track. The years and the sounds bleed together as we scan through them in our recollections or a car radio searching for a clear station. Hip-Hop is everywhere. My main question is why is America mad at the fact that rappers portray back woman as hussies and its been going on for years, so why is it a big issue now?Why didnt this come up years ago? We think that hip-hop is more Interesting with the more cursing rappers use. Some things rappers talk about in their music does sometimes influence us. But some songs are encouraging kind of like song Read a Book we seriously think that some kids have started to read a lot more because I Just finished a book that I really enjoyed. When you talk about things that we see a everyday we understand it more and we enjoy the music a lot more. Hats why we can memorize a song better than we can get all As in school. We dont Ant rappers to stop rapping because of what others are saying because we love the music and some children have hopes of becoming rappers when they get older and a lot of us look up to rappers and singers and say I want be Just like them when we row up, but were not saying that about the half naked video girls. We really Just think they are unnecessary, but if you were to ask a group of boys they would say the exact opposite.Since the mid-sasss rap music has greatly influenced both black and Unite culture in North America a lot of the slang of Hip-Hop culture have become standard parts of the vocabulary of a significant number of young people of various ethnic origins. Seaplane College Students vs.. Hip-Hop Moguls-One young lady serious but humorous quip indicated that no rude guy in a club ever asked to see her dent ID before deciding to call her a ho for say, not Joining him on the dance floor. This is indeed, how altercations start.